What I Learned During My Year of Supporting Local Authors

What I Learned During My Year of Supporting Local Authors This is a guest post from Tracy Shapley. Tracy is a freelance copywriter, all around ne’er do well, and occasional waterer of plants. Her hobbies include writing fiction, mixing together various flavors of soup, and trying to convince her friends that she’s not a hipster. Character development is more important to her than plot and she has read every Pulitzer Prize-winning novel. She has a lot of thoughts on them. Tracy lives in an old farmhouse in Iowa City with her partner Sean, their two cats Dry Bones and Gristle, and the ghost of Kurt Vonnegut. I’m lucky enough to be an (old!) undergraduate student studying fiction writing at the University of Iowa, located in one of the most literary of literary towns: Iowa City, Iowa. This is where Flannery O’Conner studied writing, where Vonnegut began work on Slaughterhouse-Five, and where Marilynne Robinson lives, teaches, writes, and pastors. It’s easy to get caught up in the canonical history here but I must also remember that it’s the place Sandra Cisneros very openly hated studying. And for good reason! The long list of “impressive” fiction professors at my university have included Raymond Carver, John Cheever, John Irving, Philip Roth, T.C. Boyle, Jonathan Ames, and Richard Yates. What do these folks all have in common? I’ll give you two hints:          White          Dudes It’s true that these days it’s somewhat more diverse. The director of the Writers’ Workshop is Lan Samantha Chang, who is decidedly neither white nor a dude, and current faculty include James Alan McPherson and Thomas Sayers Ellis. Still, after reading We Wanted to Be Writers: Life, Love, and Literature at the Iowa Writers Workshop, and discovering what a wonderful experience studying or teacher here was for most white men and what a frustrating experience it was for many women and people of color, I decided to stop throwing my hands up in the air and clutching my pearls and start doing something about it. Well, half of that is true â€" I’m sticking with the pearl clutching / arm throwing because there’s still plenty of stuff to clutch and throw about. But last year I made it my goal to support today’s crop of diverse writers in Iowa City and I learned a few things along the way. Buying books was the easy part The only requirement for admission to the graduate program here, the famed Iowa Writers’ Workshop, is a GPA of at least 3.0 (though this is a soft requirement students with lower GPAs are sometimes considered). Technically, it’s possible for someone to get into the Workshop if they’ve never published, but it’s uncommon. Earned reputation or not, it’s considered the top program in the country and the cream of the crop tend to flock here so most of the folks here have published. Buying their books was easy â€" I just headed to our local bookstore, Prairie Lights, which often makes it on lists of the top bookstores in the country, and browsed the “Local Authors” shelves. On the surface Prairie Lights may not seem like a particularly interesting bookstore, but a stop at the delicious coffee shop / wine bar and a chat with bookseller Paul Ingram (recipient of one of James Patterson’s holiday bonuses) is enough for anyone to understand that the hype is (mostly) deserved. I bought one new book every month. I didn’t do much planning â€" just walked into the bookstore and bought a book that looked interesting by someone local I’d never heard of. For the most part I stuck to my preferred genre of literary fiction but I made a point to pick up one book of poetry and one book of essays as well. Getting to readings was relatively easy There are literary readings most nights of the week and often at multiple venues. For a city with just over 70,000 people, that’s a pretty impressive feat. I mean, just think about this for a minute: Back in 2013, not long after I’d moved here, I went to the Englert Theatre to see Margaret Atwood. It was a free reading so I knew I needed to get there early and assumed an hour early would be fine â€" the theatre holds 725 people for heck’s sake â€" but, not for the first time in my life, I was wrong. The theatre was filled beyond capacity over an hour before the reading started. Good showing, Iowa City! My goal was to make it to a reading a week. I went to a huge variety of readings, from open mic poetry nights in dark bars to the Live from Prairie Lights series, which is a weekly reading from students in the International Writing Program (IWP). As with any type of art, these readings were hit and miss. Every time I decided readings weren’t for me, when I’d sat through several weeks of nervous, monotone authors reading work that wasn’t in my wheelhouse, I’d come across someone doing a reading with puppets or a collaboration with an author and her actor friends, and I’d remember that writing is more than just words on a page, or words streaming out of someone’s mouth â€" it is art. It can be expressed in many different ways. Reviewing every book was a challenge All right, so I invested my hard earned money in lots of books â€" go me! And I went to a bunch of readings. Great job, self! What next? Reviewing them, obviously. If the purpose is to support authors on a smaller scale then getting them the miniscule amount of exposure I’m capable of getting them seemed that it should be one of my duties. I used the typical routes â€" Goodreads, Amazon, LibraryThing, my blog etc. I also reached out to the authors when possible. I didn’t do any creepy stalking but with smaller presses and lesser known authors there’s usually a website that includes contact information. I’d just jot a quick note and let them know I’d reviewed their work. I was surprised by how excited several of them were â€" and by how excited I was when one added my quote to her online blurb section. That’s one step away from a Pulitzer, right? Okay, maybe two steps. What did I learn in my year of supporting local authors? So, I identified an issue I have with the publishing world: so much attention is given to big-name authors, many of whom are white and / or male, and not enough attention is given to authors with local followings, to those hawking their books online and suffering through the humiliating experience of reading their most private thoughts on a stage to people who are often just staring numbly at their phones, uninterested in or unaware of the vulnerability in front of them. What did I learn? First of all, none of the “local” authors I read were actually local. I hadn’t considered that before I started but the vast majority of what the locals here refer to as “local” authors are in fact former students / professors at the Workshop and almost none of them come from anywhere near here. Like me, they were transplants to a city that most of the world imagines is nestled in the middle of one big old corn field of a state. I also learned how grateful writers can be to just have someone giving the work a listen or a close read. It humanized the writing process for me. I don’t know why but those people, the ones who write books and have their pictures on dust jackets, I’d always felt that they’d done the work already. They’ve been published, they’re out there in the world. Now they’re authors. But in reality it’s a constant struggle. They are never done. They are always working and looking for a new audience. I can’t say that I do any less pearl clutching, but I am grateful to have spent a year of my life as a member of that audience.

Report into the financial performance of sage group - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2132 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The sage report discusses the financial performance of the Sage Group as a whole for the financial year 2007. The group has a significant presence in 20 countries worldwide, providing services to 5.8m customers to help managing their businesses more efficiently and effectively through the provision of their products and quality services. Sage is one of the efficient leading and prominent worldwide supplier of business management software to SMEs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report into the financial performance of sage group" essay for you Create order It is the leading supplier in chosen market segments concentrating primarily on customers whose business has less than 500 employees. Main highlights are: Group Revenue rose to  £1157.60m showing a growth of 23.73% over the last year with organic growth of 7%. Operating profit rose to  £255.30m showing an increase of 8.27%. Dividend per share rose by 95% to 7p per share from the last year figure of 3.59p. New customers gained during the year were 40,000 12,000 new contracts received. Net cash generated was  £220.2m from their operating activities compared with the last year of  £192.8m. Earnings per share increased to 11.85pfor financial year 2007. Introduction Sage group is one of the most leading suppliers of business management software to 5.8 million customers worldwide. It found in 1981; the core business of software group sage is the development and distribution of accounting, salary check management software for different type of businesses. From small setup to large the organisations, the company is giving opportunity to makes it easier to handle their business processes. Research and analysis Objectives The purpose of this report is the detailed analysis of the current financial position and the future prediction of the sage group from the investment point of view. An investor is more interested in the profitability, liquidity and return on investment, its rapid growth and growth in market share, its current financial position and future prospects of the company and management competency and strategies. As the purpose of the report is to make an analysis from investors point of view, so I focused on the following aspects as primary objectives of my report. Analyses of the current position the Sage Group. Review of the changes and reasons for them. Future of the company. Whether the company is worthwhile from investors point of view In order to achieve these objectives I will carry out the detailed ratio analysis of the financial position and growth of the company such as. Liquidity ratios. Profitability and return ratios. Investment ratios. Long te rm solvency, gearing and leverage ratios. Methods of Analysis The basic and common methods of analysis of a company about its financial position are as follows; Investor analysis; Trend (vertical analysis); Horizontal Analysis; Ratios Analysis. Horizontal Analysis This method is a comparison of an entitys performance over a particular period of time to that of a similar entity. Comparisons are only effective, if the companies operate at same level and in same market. Even if the companies are similar, Competitor Company might have not performed to its full capacity. Trend Analysis or Vertical Analysis This is where the companys performance is compared in a period of time. This can identify the trends e.g. revenue or profitability growth as well as decline or seasonality. Ratio Analysis The ratio analysis is classified into four categories; Liquidity Ratios Liquidity means a liquid asset is one which can be easily converted into cash at a market value. It helps in financing and investing decisions of the company. It actually measures the short term solvency of a company, it includes following; Current ratio is current assets/current liabilities. Ideally it is thought that it should be between 1.0 1.5, but it can vary depending upon the sector. Quick ratio expresses the proportion of current asset minus(less) stock to current liabilities. This is expected to be Parity so that liabilities (short-term) can be met. Debtors days is the number of days taken by trade debtors to make a payment Creditors day is the numbers of days given by creditors to give them payment. Profitability and Return: Gross and net profit margins show the relationship between the profit turnover (sales). Comparing the gross profit margins will show the efficiency, whereas net profit margin indicates its overheads and administration have been well-managed. Returns can be indicated by Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) or Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF), this is more commonly demonstrated as earning per share (EPS) or dividend yield. ROCE is a ratio with two elements, profit margin multiplied by asset turnover. This ratio gives a more comprehensive view of trading performance. Long-term Solvency, Gearing and Leverage: Gearing shows the long-term debt in relation to shareholders funds. Highly geared companies are much more risky in their financial position, because interest payments have to be met, regardless of profitability and because of this reason further financing might be difficult and expensive to obtain. However interest payments are the payments in which tax deduction making debt cheaper than equity. Equally, a company with low gearing may have an inefficient capital structure because equity is more expensive. Debt ratio comprises of total debts to total assets, which is mostly important for the companies with high proportions of liabilities in their balance sheet. Interest cover indicates if the company is in position to manage its interest demands and positions how many times a company can repay the interest of its current earnings. Investment Ratios: Price earning (PE) is highly used investor ratio. It is the ratio of current share price to the EPS. High price ratio indicates strong confidence in the company. Dividend yield is the yield a company pays out to its shareholders in form of dividends. This ratio is more useful for investors who are looking for a steady dividend income rather than just capital growth. TREND RATIO ANALYSIS OF SAGE GROUP Sage Groups performance over the last three years is steady as its published accounts show an increase in its revenue, operating profit, its cash and Asset growth. PROFITABILITY RETURN Revenue The revenue has grown from FY2005 ( £759.60m) to FY2006 ( £935.60m) by 23.17% and a further increase of 23.73% in FY2006 ( £935.60m) to FY2007 ( £1157.60m). North America Region was the one highest contributing towards Revenue of  £508.10m this year compared to last year of  £361.5m showing an increase of over 40%, with Mainland Europe on 2nd place showing an increase of around  £50m i.e. 16.44% over the year 2006. Profits Gross profit of the company is nearly the same compared to last year. In FY2006, it was 91.41% and this year it is nearly the same figure as the last year. i.e. 91.04%. it has increased by 23.23% from FY2007 ( £855.20m) to FY2008 ( £1053.90m). The pre-tax profit has grown from FY2005 ( £193.60m) to FY2006 ( £221.20m) by14.26% and a further increase of just around by 1%from FY2006 to FY2007. The highest operating profit came from the Region of Mainland Europe showing a percentage increase of 20.89% over FY2006 giving a net increased figure of  £12.3m. Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) ROCE has increased from 15.09% in FY2006 to 17.35% in FY2007 which shows a steady increase from investors point of view. Gearing Gearing of the group for YR2006 was 35.45%, which dropped to 30.70% in FY2007. The low gearing ratio shows that the company is enrich in its funds to meet its long-term liabilities. The company is in less financial risk. Furthermore decrease in the gearing and an increase in the profit shows that company is in strong financial position. Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF) ROSF for FY2006 was 15.61% which dropped just by 0.90% to 14.67% for FY2007. It is due to the increase in shareholders funds even though the profitability has improved over the last year but it is not in line with the increase in funds. LIQUIDITY RATIOS Current Ratio Current ratio of the company for the current year was 0.524. For the FY2007, it was 0.543. It is because of slight decrease in cash cash equivalents from  £81.4m to  £64.3m payables were increased by  £9.9m over the previous year. As compared to the threshold of 1:1, it is well behind the standard which means the company might be unable to pay its debt on time. In, practice the comfortably in excess of 1 should be expected but it can be varied depending on the types of businesses. Quick Ratio / Acid Test Ratio The quick ratio of the group for the current year is 0.514 compared to last year of 0.553 for the same reason as mentioned in current ratio. Debtors Days Receivable conversion period for the current period is 61 days (60.81 days), compared to the last year of 72 days (72.21 days). It shows the improvement of cash collections over the last year to increase the liquidity. Creditors Days Payable conversion period for the current period is 352 days compared to the last year of 432 days. Once again the longer the period of creditors days, the longer will be the liquidity resources availability. INVESTMENT RATIOS Earnings Per Share (EPS) EPS have slightly increased by 0.04p from 11.81p to 11.85p which shows the increased profits over the previous period. It can also be seen through increased payment of dividends to shareholders worth  £49.0m compared to last year of  £39.1m. Price Earnings Price Earnings ratio for the current year is 18.7 compared to last year which was 21.3. The higher the P/E ratio suggests the investors expect high earning growth in future. P/E Ratio cant itself give the whole picture until compared with the other company in the market or industry average. Dividend Per Share (DPS) Dividend per share for the current year was 7.0p compared to last year of 3.59p, showing an increase of 95% over last year. Increase in dividend per share means that the companys management believes that growth can be sustained for foreseeable future. Dividend Yield Dividend Cover Dividend yield for the current period is 2.8% for the current year compared to last year of 1.4% which is doubled. The higher is the yield, the more desirable among investors. Dividend cover of the company for the current period is 1.693X for the current period compared to the last year of 3.2X. A ratio of 2X is considered to be safe in industry as the company can well afford the dividend. LONG TERM SOLVENCY, GEARING LEVERAGE Gearing Gearing of the group for YR2006 was 35.45%, which dropped to 30.70% in FY2007. The low gearing ratio shows that the company has sufficient funds to meet its long-term liabilities. The company is in less financial risk. Furthermore decrease in the gearing and an increase in the profit shows that company is in strong financial position. Debt Ratio (Leverage) Debt ratio for the current year is 0.5241 compared to the last year of 0.5578. A ratio less than 1 indicates that the group has more assets than its debts representing the low level of risk attached to the group. Interest Cover Interest Cover for the current period is 7.98X compared to the last year of 13.77X which is still quite high to cover its interest costs. CONCLUSION The group has shown growth in all the sectors of economy. It has been producing consistent results over the years. The revenue has increased significantly over the last few years. The company has healthy operating profits for the current period. Compared to the last periods, its progress is not as good as it was in the past few periods. Overall the group has performed well against the benchmarks set by the company and was in line with the groups forecasts set. Another key thing observed the customer satisfaction renewal level for the group was above 80% for the year 2007. It has low gearing which represents the low financial risk and groups ability to meet its obligations in case of emergency. Its ROCE has increased which again is good from investors perspective. The group is paying dividends consistently over the past few years which again attract the shareholders investors. Debt ratio of the company is 0.52 which indicates that the assets of the company are nearly doubled to its liabilities which once again are an indication of low financial risk. APPENDIX Sage Group Plc. 2007 2006 ( £m) ( £m) Revenue 1157.60 935.60 Gross Profit 1053.90 855.20 Operating Profit/loss 255.30 235.80 EBITA 283.20 249.30 Interest Expense 35.50 18.10 Profit before tax 223.30 221.20 Profit after tax 154.10 152.60 Shareholders Funds 1050.80 977.60 Creditors: Due in 1 year 982.40 777.70 Creditors: Due more than 1 year 561.30 660.90 Total Debt 1157.00 1233.30 Fixed Assets 1544.40 1475.70 Current Assets 301.40 303.30 Total Assets 2207.80 2210.90 Current Liabilities 575.50 558.40 Trade Receivables Net 200.70 185.10 Trade Payables 105.0 95.10 RATIO ANALYSIS PROFITABILITY RETURN Operating profit 255.30 235.80 Operating Margin 22.05% 25.20% Net Margin 13.31% 16.31% Interest Cover 7.98X 13.77X ROCE 17.35% 15.09% Debt Ratio 0.5241 0.5578 ROSF 14.67% 15.61% Gearing 30.79% 35.45% MARKET RATIOS EPS 11.85p 11.81p Dividend Per Share 7.00p 3.59p Dividend Cover 1.693 3.29 Dividend Yield 2.8 1.4 PE Ratio 18.7p 21.3p LIQUIDITY Current Ratio 0.524 0.543 Acid test Ratio 0.514 0.553 Efficiency Ratios Average Collection Period 60.81 days 72.21 days Payable Conversion Period 352.15 days 431.74 days Inventory Conversion Period 19.36 days 25.42 days Segmental Revenue Segment 2007 2006 %age Increase UK 224.1m 205.2m 9.21% Mainland Europe 349.1m 299.8m 16.44% North America 508.1m 361.5m 40.55% Rest of the world 76.3m 69.1m 10.42% Segmental Operating Profit 2007 2006 %age Increase UK 80.8m 76.5m 5.62 Mainland Europe 71.2m 58.9m 20.89 North America 83.4m 82.4m 1.21 Rest of the world 19.8m 18.2m 8.79

Evaluation Of The Performance Of A Small Business...

SIGNMENT SUBMISSION FORM This sheet must be submitted with your assignment. Failure to complete, sign and submit this form will result in a mark of ‘0’ for the assignment. Student Name ELENA UTA Student ID P1030912 Assessor Name SHABNAM S. Qualification PEARSON BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma Business (Management) Unit Number Unit Title Unit 33: Marketing Principle (MP) Assignment Title Assessment of the Performance of a Small Business Enterprise Date of Submission 30.10.2016 By submitting this form and signing below, I declare that: †¢ I am the author of this assignment and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully disclosed and acknowledged in this assignment †¢ I also certify that this assignment was prepared by me specifically for this course †¢ I certify that I have taken all reasonable precautions to make sure that my work has not been copied by other students †¢ I confirm that I have understood the College’s regulations on plagiarism †¢ I confirm that research resources are fully acknowledged †¢ Signature: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ELENA UTA †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date: †¦30.10.2016†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction Marketing is the social process by which individuals and organisation obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging value with others. 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Diabetes Mellitus II Free Essays

Diabetes mellitus refers to â€Å"a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, or action, or both. † (Mathur, 2009) This chronic medical condition occurs when the production of insulin, a hormone released by the pancreas in order to regulate the blood sugar levels, is absent or insufficient. Two major types of diabetes are 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Diabetes Mellitus II or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) type 1 diabetes which requires the affected person to be insulin-dependent as his pancreas has been damaged by auto-immune attacks, making it unable to release the hormone and 2. type 2 diabetes which is also called non-insulin diabetes mellitus as the patients who suffer from this disease can still produce their own insulin. As a matter of fact, for the latter, excessive amounts of insulin are produced by the body. This, however, damages the beta cell, the part of the pancreas that releases insulin, and causes the depletion of the production of insulin in the long run. This paper will focus on diabetes mellitus 2, the causes of this chronic disease as well as the physiological limitations that it can impose on a person’s exercise program. It will also include the symptoms that a fitness instructor must watch out for when training an individual suffering from type 2 diabetes. This information will be used to create an exercise program for a subject with this chronic disease. In this section, the intensity, frequency, duration and the method for determining how the program should progress will be identified. Any prescribed medication that may affect the person’s performance should also be considered in the creation of this program. Although diabetes mellitus II is coined adult-onset diabetes as it normally develops in adults who are forty years and above, the number of children who have been diagnosed with this disease has also increased in number. Although genetics or complications during pregnancy may play a role in the development of this disease, obesity is still identified as the major cause of this problem. An individual who has a Body Mass Index (BMI) that is 20% higher than the ideal has a higher chance of becoming diabetic. Other major risk factors associated with diabetes are age, family history, race, a history of previous impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hypertension, a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and polycystic ovarian syndrome. (Votey Peters, 2009) In the past, people ages 40 and above are more prone to this disease. But, now, due to the sharp increase in the number of children with this disease, this might as well be considered as a pediatric disease. A person’s family history should also be considered when determining a person’s risk to acquire this disease. People with first degree relatives who are diabetic can have a higher chance of acquiring this disease. They may have acquired the gene that stimulates the production of a protein that inhibits the role of insulin in cellular glucose transport. A person’s ethnic group can also increase a person’s risk of acquiring this disease. Afro-Americans, Hispanic Americans, Pacific Islanders, American Indians and Asians have a higher chance of becoming diabetic. A person’s blood pressure and cholesterol level can also determine if he is prone to diabetes. People with a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg and above, a cholesterol level of 35 mg-dL-1 or below or a triglycerol level of 250 mg-dL-1 will have a higher risk of becoming diabetic. (McArdle, p. 452, 2007) For people with type 2 diabetes, an increase in glucose levels occur because of relative insulin deficiency or the insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas, insulin resistance or the decrease in the effects of insulin on peripheral tissues, especially muscles, or a combination of these two problems. Of course, insulin resistance, doesn’t necessarily mean that a person has diabetes. This, however, can cause diabetes in the long run, especially if the person’s diet is rich in simple carbohydrates. Because of insulin resistance, glucose is converted to triacylglycerol and is stored as fat. Since fat cells have a tendency to be insulin-resistant due to its reduced insulin receptor density, the person’s insulin resistance can reach a level that exceeds the maximum output of the pancreas. Both resistance and aerobic training can help in the management of these factors by improving insulin are glucagon responses. Since skeletal muscles consume a lot of glucose, approximately 70 to 90% of the glucose present in the body, resistance training which increases muscle mass can increase insulin sensitivity, leading to better glucose control. Endurance training, on the other hand, â€Å"maintains the blood level of insulin and glucagon during exercise closer to resting values. † (McArdle, p. 451, 2007) Ideally, the management of diabetes involves dieting, exercising and taking in the prescribed medication, if there is any. There are, however, some cases when the blood sugar level of the patient is too high and exercise needs to be put off. At the same time, although exercise can be very beneficial to diabetics, it can be counterproductive if the condition of the client is not examined properly. Before a client is given a program, the instructor must first make sure that he has his doctor’s consent. The instructor should also know if the client has the following complications: retinal hemorrhage, increased proteinuria, acceleration of microvascular lesions, cardiac arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, excessive blood pressure during exercise, postexercise orthostatic hyerptension, increased hyperglycemia, increased ketosis, foot ulcers, orthopedic injury related to neuropathy and accelerated degenerative joint disease. The exercise should be adjusted based on these factors. Obese individuals, for example, should be given lesser weight-bearing exercises. At the same time, they should also be given longer rest periods in order to avoid increase in blood pressure. People with heart and blood pressure problems must not be allowed to exercise when the temperature is too high or the atmosphere is too humid. They should also be given ample rest in between sets. They should also avoid isometric exercises as well as exercises that involve raising the weight overhead or holding positions wherein the head is lower than legs. Aside from the risks caused by complications, the instructor should also pay attention to signs of hypoglycemia, especially if the client is taking in insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. Mild hypoglycemia is characterized by trembling or shakiness, nervousness, palpitations, increased sweating and excessive hunger. People with moderate hypoglycemic reactions experience headaches, irritability and abrupt mood changes, impaired concentration and attentiveness, mental confusion and drowsiness. In severe cases, the individual becomes unresponsive and unconscious and experiences convulsions. For such instances, the instructor must be attentive to these symptoms so that he can react immediately. Since some patients take ß-blocker medication, hypoglycemic unawareness should be expected and it is up to the instructor to make the client stop exercising, measure his glucose level and have him eat some simple carbohydrates like hard candies and sugar cubes if hypoglycemia is confirmed. The client should then be asked to rest for ten to fifteen minutes. After that, his glucose level should once again be measured before allowing him to continue the exercise regiment. Another risk that should be avoided is late-onset hypoglycemia wherein the diabetic’s blood sugar remains low even after four to forty-eight hours has passed. This can happen if the client’s exercise is too strenuous for him. For this reason, high-intensity exercise should not be administered to a diabetic individual, especially if he has been prescribed some insulin or hypoglycemic agents. He should begin with a low-intensity program that gradually increases in intensity. Changes in intensity must be made after a period of three to six weeks so that the individual would be given enough time to adjust. According to Erikkson’s study (Janot Kravitz, 2009), doing some resistance training twice a week is enough to show results. Beginning with this frequency is also advisable as the instructor would be given the time to observe the client’s reaction to the exercise. He would also be able to clear him of late-onset hypoglycemia. The study done by Ishii and his colleagues (Janot Kravitz, 2009) shows that the range of the load given to diabetic individuals should be 40 to 50% of their 1 rep max. They should do around 2 sets of 25 repetitions. And, they should be given 30 to 120 seconds of rest in between sets. Based on the FITT principle, people with type 2 diabetes can have 3 to 5 times a week of aerobic exercise. The intensity should be 40 to 60% of the maximum HR and the duration should be around 30 to 60 minutes, unless the person is taking hypoglycemic agents or insulin. How to cite Diabetes Mellitus II, Papers

Eleanor Of Aquitaine Essay Research Paper Eleanor free essay sample

Eleanor Of Aquitaine Essay, Research Paper Eleanor of Aquitaine ( 1122-1204 ) Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine was an intelligent and emancipated adult female life in the dark in-between ages. Although it is a conventional regulation that all ladies of high rank should be described as beautiful, all beginnings agree that Eleanor of Aquitaine truly was beautiful. In add-on, she was the richest inheritress of France and became in turn Queen of France and England. Eleanor was a granddaughter of William IX of Aquitaine ( 1070-1127 ) , who was one of the first and most celebrated folk singers. He was a cheerful adult male and an fervent lover of adult females, who joined the First Crusade. Later he # 8220 ; abducted # 8221 ; the married woman of the viscount of Ch tellerault, Dangereuse, and although he could non get married her, Dangereuse managed to hold her girl Aenor married to his eldest boy William X ( 1099-1137 ) in 1121. They had two girls, Eleanor and Petronilla, and a boy, William Aigret. We will write a custom essay sample on Eleanor Of Aquitaine Essay Research Paper Eleanor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eleanor resembled both William IX and Dangereuse ; she possessed the same intelligence, merriment, restlessness and will power. The tribunal of William IX was the Centre of western European civilization: the ducal household was entertained by folk singers, narrators and folk singers. Unlike most of her coevalss, male and particularly female, Eleanor was carefully educated and she was an first-class pupil. Eleanor # 8217 ; s happy childhood ended with the subsequent deceases of her female parent, her small brother and # 8211 ; in 1137 # 8211 ; her male parent. The orphaned Eleanor was the richest inheritress in France therefore a matrimony was arranged for her to its King, Louis VII ( 1121-1180 ) . Louis had been brought up for an office in the church, but he had become inheritor to the Gallic throne after the decease of his senior brother. He was a weak, dull, sedate and pious adult male and he and the lively Eleanor were badly matched. Louis neer understood his immature married woman, but he appears to hold adored her with a passionate esteem. It wasn # 8217 ; t until 1145 that a girl, Marie, was born. Meanwhile, Eleanor was eager to regulate her ain dukedom, since she knew the troublesome Aquitainians better than anyone. However, Louis # 8217 ; council member, the Abbot Sugar, resented her influence in governmental affairs. When Louis went on the Second Crusade to Palestine, Eleanor raised a company of adult females to fall in her and therefore she accompanied her hubby to the Holy Land. In Antioch Eleanor was heartily received by her uncle Raymond, who reminded her of her happy childhood in Poitiers. Eleanor and Raymond were of the sentiment that Jerusalem could best be secured by driving back the Turks in the North, but Louis VII rejected the program and a wrangle followed. Softly Louis began readyings for his going and after dark Eleanor was forcibly conducted from Antioch. Soon the campaign became a complete failure and even Louis # 8217 ; brother Robert rapidly rushed place. On their manner back to France, Louis and Eleanor visited the Catholic Pope to plead for a divorce. Alternatively, the Catholic Pope tried to accommodate them and induced them to kip in the same bed once more. Back in France their matrimony was worse than of all time and Eleanor was horrified to gain that she was pregnant. After the birth of a 2nd girl in 1150 and the decease of Louis # 8217 ; main curate, Eleanor was no longer the lone 1 who wanted a divorce. She eventually got it in 1152. She was still the richest inheritress of France an vitamin D on her manner from Paris to Poitiers she had to overreach two manque seducers. By so Eleanor had fallen in love with Duke Henry Plantagenet of Normandy ( 1133-1189 ) , who was her junior by 11 old ages. Their matrimony, hardly 8 hebdomads after her divorce, made Henry maestro of most of today’s France. With Eleanor’s support Henry became King of England excessively in 1154. Although Eleanor # 8217 ; s first matrimony had resulted in merely two girls born in 15 twelvemonth, Eleanor bore Henry five boies and three girls. As the kids grew up and Henry openly took kept womans, the twosome grew apart. Eleanor was 44 old ages old, when she gave birth to their youngest boy, John Lackland. By so she had discovered the being of Rosamund Clifford, the most celebrated of Henry # 8217 ; s kept womans. Later Henry arranged a bride-to-be for his homosexual boy Richard Lionheart. She was a girl of Louis VII and his 2nd married woman. While she was educated at the English tribunal, her bride-to-be ignored her and his male parent, Henry, seduced her. In 1169 Henry sent Eleanor to Aquitaine to reconstruct order as its duchess. Once more the ducal castle at Poitiers became the Centre of all that was civilised and refined. Troubadours, instrumentalists and bookmans were welcomed at Poitiers. There, in 1170 Eleanor reconciled with her first born girl Marie of France, countess of Champagne. Marie # 8217 ; s prot g, Chr tien de Troyes, composed, at Marie # 8217 ; s suggestion, the love affair of Lancelot and Queen Guinevere. In add-on, Marie had a # 8220 ; codification of love # 8221 ; written down in 31 articles. They described feminist thoughts far beyond the twelfth century cult of gallantry. In add-on, Eleanor sponsored the # 8220 ; tribunals of love # 8221 ; in which work forces holding jobs with the codification of love could convey their inquiries before a court of ladies for opinion. At Christmas 1172 Henry summoned his married woman and boies to his tribunal. When in 1173 their boies revolted against their male parent, E leanor backed them and was later imprisoned by Henry until his decease in 1189. By so three of their boies had already died and Henry # 8217 ; s replacement was Eleanor # 8217 ; s favorite boy, Richard I Lionheart ( 1157-1199 ) , who appreciated his female parent # 8217 ; s advice. When he went on campaign, Eleanor became regent. Although Richard was a homosexual, he was supposed to supply England with inheritors, so Eleanor escorted his bride-to-be to Sicily. When Richard was killed in 1199, he was succeeded by his youngest brother, John Lackland ( 1166-1216 ) . Eleanor returned to Aquitaine and retired in the abbey of Fontevraud. She remained busy and active and personally arranged a the matrimony of her Castilian granddaughter to the grandson of Louis VII. Thus she lived to be approximately 82, an extraordinary age in the in-between ages. Bibliography + Hallam, E. ( ed. ) : The Plantagenet Encyclopedia ( An alphabetical usher to 400 old ages of English history ) , Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1990 + Kelly, A. : Eleanor of Aquitaine ( and the four Kings ) , Harvard University Press, 1951 + Lofts, N. : Queens of Britain, Hodder and Stoughton, 1977 + Meade, M. : Eleanor of Aquitaine ( A life ) , Penguin Books, 1977 + Owen, D.D.R. : Eleanor of Aquitaine ( Queen and fable ) , Blackwell, 1993 Novels + Plaidy, J. : Courts of Love, Fontana/Collins, 1989 + Lofts, N. : Eleanor the Queen, Fawcett Crest, 1955

Media Global Issues free essay sample

In that case, he or she will notify both the Examination Board and the student of this decision in writing. If the student should Thesis Regulations Media Studies: stipulations for writing, supervising and evaluating MA- theses Version 01-02-2012? p. 2 wish to reapply for supervision, he or she will need to submit a written request to this effect to the Examination Board. 8. With regard to the application for thesis supervision, the student is obliged to observe the regulations as laid out in the Thesis Guidelines of the department. 9. In exceptional cases, and at the request of the student, theExamination Board, or the Masters coordinator acting as its delegate, may appoint a person from outside of the Department as supervisor. 10. The student will write a research proposal, in the form of a work outline, in consultation with the supervisor. The outline should be drawn up in accordance with the sample for a work outline that appears in Appendix 1, and is subject to the supervisors approval. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Global Issues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1 1 . At the onset of supervision, the thesis coordinator, in consultation with the supervisor and student, will appoint a second reader to act as second examiner of the thesis on behalf of he Examination Board. The second reader is not accountable to the student but is accountable to the supervisor and the Board. The intention is not for the second reader to assume part of the supervisors duties. The second reader may request to see the working outline, but will only be handed the final version of the thesis, approved for evaluation by the supervisor, for speculation (see article 16). 12. The student and the supervisor should agree at an early stage on a deadline for submitting the thesis once the working plan has been approved. The thesis must be completed within one year of the application.If the student fails to submit the thesis within the time limit, without giving valid reasons and/or prior notice and without consulting the supervisor, the Examination Board may, in response to a proposal by the supervisor, prohibit the student from submitting the thesis for a period of up to three months, to be decided by the Board. A new application for supervision will normally have to be made. 13. The following moments of contact between student and supervisor are essential: a. An introductory discussion of the choice and demarcation of the topic, the literature, the approach, consultation Of experts etc. B. Discussion Of the work outline and how the thesis is to be written; c. A discussion of one or more drafts of the thesis, in the form of a few pages or a chapter/various chapters; d. The student and the supervisor may schedule additional discussions if they wish. The student may be required by the supervisor to write a brief report after each discussion of the thesis. One or more of these reports may also be sent to the second reader as notification, if appropriate, so as to avoid misunderstandings about what has been agreed to and to monitor the students progress; e. Discussion of the final version of the thesis, during which the student is informed of the motivation for the proposed final grade. Evaluation 14. The thesis should be submitted for evaluation in duplicate. One copy is for the supervisor, one for the second reader. Since March 1st, 2008, the submission of a digital version of the final thesis, on CD or DVD, to the programmer administration is another requirement. 15. A thesis that has been submitted in a timely fashion will be examined and graded within four weeks.In exceptional cases, this time limit may be extended by the Examination Board at the request of the supervisor or the second reader. In such a case, the student concerned will be notified of this, and Of the reasons regarding the extension, in writing, and before the expiration of the regular time limit. Thesis Regulations Media Studies: stipulations for writing, supervising and evaluating MA- theses Version 01-02-2012- p. 3 16. The second reader will compile a reading report (comprising h 1 AY page) of the final version of the thesis. On the basis of this report, he or she will propose a final grade.Both the report and the proposed grade are then submitted to the supervisor. Upon request by the supervisor, the report may also be sent to the student. In the event of diverging opinions on the final grade, the supervisor and second reader will try to reach a compromise. If there are concerns, or if the estimations of the grade differ by more than one point, the thesis shall be submitted for marking to the thesis coordinator, acting as the Examination Boards delegate. If agreement cannot be reached, the case shall be presented to the Examination Board for adjudication. 17.The thesis will be evaluated in accordance with the standard criteria for the grading of theses as set out in Appendix 3. The grade shall be determined on he basis of the following criteria (as it nears the latter condition, the grade increases): descriptive and (at least) complying with scientific standards; more than just descriptive, a lucid and critical account with original ideas, analyses and interpretation; unquestionable development of the subject and the theory; of publishable standard. The grade will also reflect the whole process involved in developing and writing the thesis.Reconsideration 18. If the grade allotted to the student is insufficient in meeting the thesis requirements, the student will be given the opportunity in the next semester/academic year to improve the thesis or complete an additional assignment. This opportunity will only be provided once, and if this revised or augmented thesis is not submitted within the set time limit, it will once again be rega rded as having failed to meet the requirements. Improving the final version has consequences for the examination date, the graduation date and also for the registration for the programmer of the student. 9. A thesis that, following revision, does not meet the requirements will have to be replaced with an entirely new thesis. The Examination Board, in response to a proposal by the previous, may decree that the new thesis be based on an assignment. Appeals 20. The student may appeal the grade awarded his or her thesis with the Examination Board. An appeal against the thesis grade may also be lodged with the Examination Appeals Board. The Study Adviser may be approached for further information on this. Publicity 21 .

10 Easy Ways of Helping Turtles Survive

10 Easy Ways of Helping Turtles Survive Sea turtles have lived on Earth for about 110 million years. However, due to human activity, 6 of the 7 sea turtle species- green, Kemp’s ridley, olive ridley, flatback, hawksbill, and leatherback- are now classified as endangered. The seventh species, the loggerhead, is classified as threatened (likely to become an endangered species in the near future). Organizations Dedicated to Helping Sea Turtles Contact the following organizations to donate, volunteer, and learn more about ways to help the sea turtles:Sea Turtle ConservancySEE TurtlesTurtle Island Restoration NetworkThe Ocean FoundationOceanic Society How to Help Sea Turtles Survive According to the Sea Turtle Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund, sea turtles face threats from overharvesting and poaching, global warming, ocean pollution, and the encroachment of human activity on their nesting sites. Although targeting these problems may seem like an overwhelming task, there are specific actions you can take to ensure the survival of sea turtles. Baby hawksbill turtle after being rescued. Jereme Thaxton/Getty Images Source Your Seafood Responsibly Sea turtles often become the bycatch of irresponsible fishing methods. Educate yourself on how your seafood was caught and support organizations that advocate for the sustainable catching of seafood. The Monterey Bay Aquariums Seafood Watch website and app allow you to look up specific types of seafood and determine if they were responsibly sourced. In addition, organizations like Too Rare to Wear also have information on products that have been made from turtle shells, like jewelry and souvenirs, which are often sold to tourists in tropical regions. Get Rid of Pollution Sailors from the USS Thorn use bolt cutters and knives to free the only surviving sea turtle in a group of four found tangled in some long-ago discarded netting, July 10, 2001 in the Mediterranean Sea. U.S. Navy / Getty Images Help make beaches safe for turtles and other marine animals by participating in cleanups to help remove trash from the beach. Doing so will also stop more trash from entering the oceans, reducing the chances that a turtle may become trapped or eat it. Many local groups organize such cleanups year-round, or you can organize a beach clean-up day with some friends. Cleaning up the beach may also help make that locations habitable for turtles again. After a 2-year beach cleanup in Miami that removed over 11 million pounds of trash from the environment, olive ridley turtle hatchlings were spotted making their way from the nest to the ocean, which had not occurred in decades. Previously, the turtles had been able to lay eggs on the beach but could not maneuver in the trash. Replace Disposable Plastic With Reusable Items Plastic bag at sea. These can be dangerous to sea turtles who mistake them for food, such as jellyfish. _548901005677/Moment Open/Getty Images You can help prevent trash from ever entering the ocean in the first place by recycling and reducing the amount of trash that you create. For some items, consider using their reusable counterparts, like shopping bags and water bottles to reduce your chances of polluting the beach. Plastic bags are especially troublesome, as sea turtles can mistake them for their favorite snack: jellyfish. You can also avoid other single-use items, like balloons during a birthday beach bash, which will likely end up in the ocean where they will be eaten by turtles and other wildlife. Keep Beaches Dark at Night WWF volunteers coax released baby green turtles that were found at a nest site the day before, to the waters edge with lights at Acyatan Beach on August 23, 2018 in Adana, Turkey. Chris McGrath / Getty Images Nesting turtles and hatchlings use the moons natural lighting as a guide. Instinctively, they follow the brightest direction to find their way to the water, but if they are disoriented by artificial lighting, they may wander inland and die of dehydration or predation. Avoid all forms of artificial light while at the beach at night, including flashlights, flash photography, video cameras, and fires on nesting beaches. If you do need lighting, try to avoid directly illuminating the beach, using a shade to minimize the amount of light shining in the area. If staying at a beachfront property, be sure to turn off all lights at night. If you do see disoriented baby turtles at night, do not take it upon yourself to move the turtles. Contact a nature conservancy organization or local authorities. Be Careful When Boating and Fishing A moving boat can seriously injure or kill a turtle, so stay alert if you are boating in the ocean. If you spot sea turtles in the water, stay at least 50 yards away. If they are close to your boat, put your engine on neutral or turn it off until the turtles swim away. Change your fishing location if you spot sea turtles nearby or they show interest in your bait. And remember to collect all of your fishing gear and supplies once youre done, especially fishing line, hooks, and nets. Don’t Disturb the Turtles An NPS volunteer helps Kemps ridley sea turtle hatchlings reach the water at South Padre Island National Seashore. Who knew volunteering could be so adorable?.  © qnr via Flickr Never pick up a hatchling. Though it may be tempting, doing so may frighten or disorient them. If you do want to watch one, attend a sea turtle watch hosted by an organization, which would allow you to observe the sea turtles without disturbing them. Do not catch a baby turtle in an aquarium or bucket of water. This will use up the energy they need to swim to the ocean after they emerge from their nest. Reduce Your Carbon Footprint Global warming can skew the gender ratios of sea turtles, as well as the distribution of predators and prey. Although climate change might seem like too big an issue to tackle, there are many steps you can personally take to reduce global warming. Adopt a Sea Turtle Support sea turtle conservation efforts by â€Å"adopting a sea turtle† or making a donation to a wildlife conservation program that monitors and helps satellite-tracked turtles. You can also â€Å"adopt a nest† during nesting season. Avoid Beach Activities at Night Try to avoid walking on the beach at night during the summer, as this may frighten nesting turtles back into the sea. To help make it easier for turtles to navigate the beach, you can also remove beach furniture and other equipment from the beach before the nighttime, as turtles may become caught in them or become disoriented. Help Spread Awareness There are many ways you can help make a positive change for sea turtles. One main way is through education. You can help educate your local neighborhood or school by giving presentations, and tell people about the cause during conversations. Sources â€Å"Adoption Programs.† Seaturtle.org, Seaturtle.org, www.seaturtle.org/adopt/.â€Å"Endangered Ocean: Sea Turtles.† Ocean Today, National Ocean Service, oceantoday.noaa.gov/endoceanseaturtles/.â€Å"Information About Sea Turtles, Their Habitats and Threats to Their Survival.† Conserveturtles.org, Sea Turtle Conservancy, conserveturtles.org/information-about-sea-turtles-their-habitats-and-threats-to-their-survival/.â€Å"Ways to Help.† Ways to Help the Sea Turtles, Nova Southeastern University, cnso.nova.edu/seaturtles/ways-to-help.html.â€Å"What Can You Do to Save Sea Turtles?† NOAA Fisheries, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 6 June 2016, www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/what-can-you-do-save-sea-turtles.â€Å"What Is the Difference Between Endangered and Threatened?† Wolf - Western Great Lakes, U.S. Fish Wildlife Service, Mar. 2003, www.fws.gov/midwest/wolf/esastatus/e-vs-t.htm.